this presentation by Dipl.-Ing. Theo Jacobs for the Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Engineering and Automation (IPA), the importance of safety when designing and working with a robot is explained.
The manufacturer of a robot is responsible for the safety of the machine. The requirements of laws and standards for safe design must be met not only for robots sold as products, but also for robots permanently installed in laboratories.
In order to develop a safe robot, the manufacturer must be aware of its obligations to reduce risks, document the design process and inform users about remaining dangers.
General requirements
- ISO 12100 – Safety of machinery – General design principles – Risk assessment and reduction
- ISO 13849 – Safety of machinery – Safety-related parts of control systems – General principles for design
(ISO 13849 vs. IEC 62061) IEC 62061 provides an alternative system for estimating control system-related risks and specifying a required safety integrity level (SIL) of performance for the control system, fully compatible with the performance level (PL) of ISO 13849.
Safety distances and approach speeds:
- ISO 13854 – Safety of machinery – Minimum clearances to prevent crushing of parts of the human body
- ISO 13855 – Safety of machinery – Placement of guards in relation to approach speeds of parts of the human body
- ISO 13857 – Safety of machinery – Safety distances to prevent danger zones from being reached by upper and lower limbs
Emergency stop:
- ISO 13850 – Safety of machinery – Emergency stop – Design principles
Extreme temperatures:
- ISO 13732-1/2/3 – Ergonomics of the thermal environment – Methods for assessing human responses to contact with surfaces
Special requirements for industrial robots
- ISO 10218-1/2 – Robots and robotic devices – Safety requirements for industrial robots
- ISO 10218-2 – Types of collaboration between humans and robots
- ISO/TS 15066 – Robots and robotic devices – Collaborative robots (draft)
- ISO 10218-1/2: Determination of speed and force limits based on risk assessment
Special requirements for service robots
- ISO/DIS 13482 – Robots and robotic devices – Safety requirements for non-industrial robots – Non-medical personal care robot
- ISO/DIS 13482 – Minimum performance levels for safety-related control system functions